GPUComputePassEncoder: dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect() method

Limited availability

This feature is not Baseline because it does not work in some of the most widely-used browsers.

Secure context: This feature is available only in secure contexts (HTTPS), in some or all supporting browsers.

Note: This feature is available in Web Workers.

The dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect() method of the GPUComputePassEncoder interface dispatches a grid of workgroups, defined by the parameters of a GPUBuffer, to perform the work being done by the current GPUComputePipeline (i.e., set via GPUComputePassEncoder.setPipeline()).

Syntax

js
dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect(indirectBuffer, indirectOffset)

Parameters

indirectBuffer

A GPUBuffer containing the X, Y, and Z dimensions of the grid of workgroups to dispatch. The buffer must contain a tightly packed block of three 32-bit unsigned integer values representing the dimensions (12 bytes total), given in the same order as the arguments for GPUComputePassEncoder.dispatchWorkgroups(). So for example:

js
const uint32 = new Uint32Array(3);
uint32[0] = 25; // The X value
uint32[1] = 1; // The Y value
uint32[2] = 1; // The Z value

// Write values into a GPUBuffer
device.queue.writeBuffer(buffer, 0, uint32, 0, uint32.length);
indirectOffset

The offset, in bytes, into indirectBuffer where the dimension data begins.

Note: The X, Y, and Z dimension values passed to GPUComputePassEncoder.dispatchWorkgroups() and dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect() are the number of workgroups to dispatch for each dimension, not the number of shader invocations to perform across each dimension. This matches the behavior of modern native GPU APIs, but differs from the behavior of OpenCL. This means that if a GPUShaderModule defines an entry point with @workgroup_size(4, 4), and work is dispatched to it with the call dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect(indirectBuffer); with indirectBuffer specifying X and Y dimensions of 8 and 8, the entry point will be invoked 1024 times total — Dispatching a 4 x 4 workgroup 8 times along both the X and Y axes. 4 * 4 * 8 * 8 = 1024.

Return value

None (Undefined).

Validation

The following criteria must be met when calling dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect(), otherwise a GPUValidationError is generated and the GPUComputePassEncoder becomes invalid:

  • indirectBuffer's GPUBuffer.usage contains the GPUBufferUsage.INDIRECT flag.
  • indirectOffset + the total size specified by the X, Y, and Z dimensions is less than or equal to the indirectBuffer's GPUBuffer.size.
  • indirectOffset is a multiple of 4.

Examples

js
// Set global buffer size
const BUFFER_SIZE = 1000;

// Compute shader; note workgroup size of 64
const shader = `
@group(0) @binding(0)
var<storage, read_write> output: array<f32>;

@compute @workgroup_size(64)

...

`;

// …

// Create GPUCommandEncoder to encode commands to issue to the GPU
const commandEncoder = device.createCommandEncoder();

// Initiate compute pass
const passEncoder = commandEncoder.beginComputePass();

// Issue commands
passEncoder.setPipeline(computePipeline);
passEncoder.setBindGroup(0, bindGroup);

const uint32 = new Uint32Array(3);
// Note workgroupCountX is set based on the global buffer size and the shader workgroup count.
uint32[0] = Math.ceil(BUFFER_SIZE / 64);
uint32[1] = 1;
uint32[2] = 1;

const workgroupDimensions = device.createBuffer({
  size: 12,
  usage: GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST | GPUBufferUsage.INDIRECT,
});
device.queue.writeBuffer(workgroupDimensions, 0, uint32, 0, uint32.length);

passEncoder.dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect(workgroupDimensions, 0);

// End the render pass
passEncoder.end();

// Copy output buffer to staging buffer
commandEncoder.copyBufferToBuffer(
  output,
  0, // Source offset
  stagingBuffer,
  0, // Destination offset
  BUFFER_SIZE,
);

// End frame by passing array of command buffers to command queue for execution
device.queue.submit([commandEncoder.finish()]);

// …

Specifications

Specification
WebGPU
# dom-gpucomputepassencoder-dispatchworkgroupsindirect

Browser compatibility

desktop mobile server
Chrome
Edge
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Chrome Android
Firefox for Android
Opera Android
Safari on iOS
Samsung Internet
WebView Android
WebView on iOS
Deno
dispatchWorkgroupsIndirect
Chrome – Partial support
Chrome 113 (Release date: 2023-05-02)
footnote Partial support
footnote Supported on ChromeOS, macOS, and Windows.
footnote Supported on Linux (Intel Gen12+ GPUs only) since Chrome 144.
Edge – Partial support
Edge 113 (Release date: 2023-05-05)
footnote Partial support
footnote Supported on ChromeOS, macOS, and Windows.
footnote Supported on Linux (Intel Gen12+ GPUs only) since Edge 144.
Firefox – Partial support
Firefox 141 (Release date: 2025-07-22)
footnote Partial support
footnote Supports all contexts except service workers. See bug 1942431.
footnote Supports Windows since Firefox 141. See bug 1972486.
footnote Supports macOS Tahoe on Apple silicon since Firefox 145. See bug 1992212.
footnote Supports older macOS versions on Apple silicon since Firefox 147. See bug 1993341.
footnote Does not support macOS on Intel CPUs. See bug 2004105.
footnote Does not support Linux. See bug 2006676.
Opera – Partial support
Opera 99 (Release date: 2023-05-16)
footnote Partial support
footnote Supported on ChromeOS, macOS, and Windows.
footnote Supported on Linux (Intel Gen12+ GPUs only) since Opera 128.
Safari – Full support
Safari 26 (Release date: 2025-09-15)
footnote Full support
Chrome Android – Full support
Chrome Android 121 (Release date: 2024-01-23)
footnote Full support
Firefox for Android – No support
Firefox for Android
footnote No support
Opera Android – Full support
Opera Android 81 (Release date: 2024-03-14)
footnote Full support
Safari on iOS – Full support
Safari on iOS 26 (Release date: 2025-09-15)
footnote Full support
Samsung Internet – Full support
Samsung Internet 25 (Release date: 2024-04-24)
footnote Full support
WebView Android – Full support
WebView Android 121 (Release date: 2024-01-23)
footnote Full support
WebView on iOS – Full support
WebView on iOS 26 (Release date: 2025-09-15)
footnote Full support
Deno – No support
Deno 1.8 – 1.31 (Release date: 2021-03-02)
footnote Removed in 1.32 and later
Deno – No support
Deno 1.39 (Release date: 2023-12-14)
disabled
disabled From version 1.39 users must explicitly set the --unstable-webgpu runtime flag.

Legend

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Full support
Full support
Partial support
Partial support
No support
No support
User must explicitly enable this feature.
Has more compatibility info.

See also