border-collapse CSS property

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.

The border-collapse CSS property sets whether cells inside a <table> have shared or separate borders.

When cells are collapsed, the border-style value of inset behaves like ridge, and outset behaves like groove.

When cells are separated, the distance between cells is defined by the border-spacing property.

Try it

border-collapse: collapse;
border-collapse: separate;
<section class="default-example" id="default-example">
  <table class="transition-all" id="example-element">
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>Cell 1.1</td>
        <td>Cell 1.2</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Cell 2.1</td>
        <td>Cell 2.2</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Cell 3.1</td>
        <td>Cell 3.2</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</section>
table {
  width: 15rem;
  table-layout: fixed;
}

td {
  border: 5px solid;
  border-color: crimson dodgerblue orange limegreen;
  padding: 0.75rem;
}

Syntax

css
/* Keyword values */
border-collapse: collapse;
border-collapse: separate;

/* Global values */
border-collapse: inherit;
border-collapse: initial;
border-collapse: revert;
border-collapse: revert-layer;
border-collapse: unset;

The border-collapse property is specified as a single keyword, which may be chosen from the list below.

Values

collapse

Adjacent cells have shared borders (the collapsed-border table rendering model).

separate

Adjacent cells have distinct borders (the separated-border table rendering model).

Formal definition

Initial valueseparate
Applies totable and inline-table elements
Inheritedyes
Computed valueas specified
Animation typediscrete

Formal syntax

border-collapse = 
separate |
collapse

Examples

A colorful table of browser engines

HTML

html
<table class="separate">
  <caption>
    <code>border-collapse: separate</code>
  </caption>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th>Browser</th>
      <th>Layout Engine</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="fx">Firefox</td>
      <td class="gk">Gecko</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="ed">Edge</td>
      <td class="tr">EdgeHTML</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="sa">Safari</td>
      <td class="wk">WebKit</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="ch">Chrome</td>
      <td class="bk">Blink</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="op">Opera</td>
      <td class="bk">Blink</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<table class="collapse">
  <caption>
    <code>border-collapse: collapse</code>
  </caption>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th>Browser</th>
      <th>Layout Engine</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="fx">Firefox</td>
      <td class="gk">Gecko</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="ed">Edge</td>
      <td class="tr">EdgeHTML</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="sa">Safari</td>
      <td class="wk">WebKit</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="ch">Chrome</td>
      <td class="bk">Blink</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="op">Opera</td>
      <td class="bk">Blink</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

CSS

css
.collapse {
  border-collapse: collapse;
}

.separate {
  border-collapse: separate;
}

table {
  display: inline-table;
  margin: 1em;
  border: dashed 5px;
}

table th,
table td {
  border: solid 3px;
}

.fx {
  border-color: orange blue;
}
.gk {
  border-color: black red;
}
.ed {
  border-color: blue gold;
}
.tr {
  border-color: aqua;
}
.sa {
  border-color: silver blue;
}
.wk {
  border-color: gold blue;
}
.ch {
  border-color: red yellow green blue;
}
.bk {
  border-color: navy blue teal aqua;
}
.op {
  border-color: red;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
Cascading Style Sheets Level 2
# propdef-border-collapse

Browser compatibility

desktop mobile
Chrome
Edge
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Chrome Android
Firefox for Android
Opera Android
Safari on iOS
Samsung Internet
WebView Android
WebView on iOS
border-collapse
Chrome – Full support
Chrome 1 (Release date: 2008-12-11)
footnote Full support
Edge – Full support
Edge 12 (Release date: 2015-07-29)
footnote Full support
Firefox – Full support
Firefox 1 (Release date: 2004-11-09)
footnote Full support
Opera – Full support
Opera 4 (Release date: 2000-06-28)
footnote Full support
Safari – Full support
Safari 1.1 (Release date: 2003-10-24)
footnote Full support
Chrome Android – Full support
Chrome Android 18 (Release date: 2012-06-27)
footnote Full support
Firefox for Android – Full support
Firefox for Android 4 (Release date: 2011-03-29)
footnote Full support
Opera Android – Full support
Opera Android 10.1 (Release date: 2010-11-09)
footnote Full support
Safari on iOS – Full support
Safari on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support
Samsung Internet – Full support
Samsung Internet 1 (Release date: 2013-04-27)
footnote Full support
WebView Android – Full support
WebView Android 2.2 (Release date: 2010-05-20)
footnote Full support
WebView on iOS – Full support
WebView on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support
collapse
Chrome – Full support
Chrome 1 (Release date: 2008-12-11)
footnote Full support
Edge – Full support
Edge 79 (Release date: 2020-01-15)
footnote Full support
Firefox – Full support
Firefox 1 (Release date: 2004-11-09)
footnote Full support
Opera – Full support
Opera 15 (Release date: 2013-07-02)
footnote Full support
Safari – Full support
Safari 1.1 (Release date: 2003-10-24)
footnote Full support
Chrome Android – Full support
Chrome Android 18 (Release date: 2012-06-27)
footnote Full support
Firefox for Android – Full support
Firefox for Android 4 (Release date: 2011-03-29)
footnote Full support
Opera Android – Full support
Opera Android 14 (Release date: 2013-05-21)
footnote Full support
Safari on iOS – Full support
Safari on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support
Samsung Internet – Full support
Samsung Internet 1 (Release date: 2013-04-27)
footnote Full support
WebView Android – Full support
WebView Android 4.4 (Release date: 2013-12-09)
footnote Full support
WebView on iOS – Full support
WebView on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support
separate
Chrome – Full support
Chrome 1 (Release date: 2008-12-11)
footnote Full support
Edge – Full support
Edge 79 (Release date: 2020-01-15)
footnote Full support
Firefox – Full support
Firefox 1 (Release date: 2004-11-09)
footnote Full support
Opera – Full support
Opera 15 (Release date: 2013-07-02)
footnote Full support
Safari – Full support
Safari 1.1 (Release date: 2003-10-24)
footnote Full support
Chrome Android – Full support
Chrome Android 18 (Release date: 2012-06-27)
footnote Full support
Firefox for Android – Full support
Firefox for Android 4 (Release date: 2011-03-29)
footnote Full support
Opera Android – Full support
Opera Android 14 (Release date: 2013-05-21)
footnote Full support
Safari on iOS – Full support
Safari on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support
Samsung Internet – Full support
Samsung Internet 1 (Release date: 2013-04-27)
footnote Full support
WebView Android – Full support
WebView Android 4.4 (Release date: 2013-12-09)
footnote Full support
WebView on iOS – Full support
WebView on iOS 1 (Release date: 2007-06-29)
footnote Full support

Legend

Tip: you can click/tap on a cell for more information.

Full support
Full support

See also